|
History
History is the systematic narrative and research of past events as relating to
the human race as well as the study of all events in time, in relation to
humanity. However it has been criticized as focusing disproportionately on the
West. History can be seen as the sum total of many things taken together and the
spectrum of events occurring in action following in order leading from the past
to the present and into the future. All that is remembered of the past as
preserved in some form is seen as historical records. History is divided into
and encompasses many sub and ancillary fields, such as chronology,
historiography, genealogy, paleography, and cliometrics. Those who study it as a
profession are called historians.
Studies and fields of history
Archaeology - study of past human cultures through the recovery, documentation
and analysis of material remains and environmental data.
Archontology - study of historical offices and important positions in state,
international, political, religious and other organizations and societies.
Art history - the study of changes in and social context of art.
Chronology - locating events in time.
Cultural history - the study of culture in the past.
Economic history - the study of economies in the past.
Futurology - study of the future: researches the medium to long-term future of
societies and of the physical world.
History painting - the painting of works of art having historical motifs or
depicting great events.
Military history - the study of warfare and wars in history.
Natural history - history of the natural world, now usually referred to as
science
Naval history - the branch of military history devoted to warfare at sea or in
bodies of water.
Paleography - the study of ancient texts.
Psychohistory - study of the psychological motivations of historical events.
Social history - the study of societies and social trends in the past.
Historiography has a number of related meanings. It can refer to the history of
historical study, its methodology and practices (the history of history). It can
also refer to a specific body of historical writing (for example, "medieval
historiography during the 1960s" means "medieval history written during the
1960s"). Historiography can also be taken to mean historical theory or the study
of historical writing and memory. As a meta-level analysis of descriptions of
the past, this third conception can relate to the first two in that the analysis
usually focuses on the narratives, interpretations, worldview, use of evidence,
or method of presentation of other historians. The historical method comprises
the techniques and guidelines by which historians use primary sources and other
evidence to research and then to write history. Learn History, SCHOOLS History,
COLLEGES History, INSTITUTES History Coaching History, Masters History,
Doctorate History, Postgraduate History, Useful History, University History,
Scholarships History, Programme History, PhD History, Jobs History, Work
History, Careers History, Information History, Information History, Courses
History, Guidance History, Graduate History, Higher Studies in History.
The "father of history" has generally been acclaimed as Herodotus of
Halicarnassus (484 BC – ca.425 BC). However, it is his contemporary Thucydides
(ca. 460 BC – ca. 400 BC) who is credited with having begun the scientific
approach to history in his work the History of the Peloponnesian War.
Thucydides, unlike Herodotus and other religious historians, regarded history as
being the product of the choices and actions of human beings, and looked at
cause and effect, rather than as the result of divine intervention. In his
historical method, Thucydides emphasized chronology, a neutral point of view,
and that the human world was the result of the actions of human beings. Greek
historians also viewed history as cyclical, with events regularly reoccurring.
Learn History, SCHOOLS History, COLLEGES History, INSTITUTES History Coaching
History, Masters History, Doctorate History, Postgraduate History, Useful
History, University History, Scholarships History, Programme History, PhD
History, Jobs History, Work History, Careers History, Information History,
Information History, Courses History, Guidance History, Graduate History, Higher
Studies in History. |
